engleski

How to develop green extraction methods using natural deep eutectic solvents?

Over the last few years, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have been dramatically expanding in popularity as promising alternatives to traditional organic solvents. NADES are based on compounds that are safe for human consumption which opens numerous possibilities for their applications in the field of life sciences extraction of biologically active compounds from plant material. Possibility to use NADES as an extraction solvent for various metabolites, DNA, proteins, cellulose, lignin and many other natural compounds has been demonstrated. Solubility for some of those molecules increased for several orders of magnitude in NADES when compared to organic solvents, proving that extraction of natural molecules with NADES has a lot of potential. Main benefits of their application as a solvent for extraction of natural compounds are: NADES are highly selective and could extract both polar and nonpolar compounds ; NADES probably occur in living cells and are involved in the biosynthesis, solubilisation and storage of various metabolites ; stability of target compounds in NADES is better than in conventional solvents ; extracts made with NADES could be directly used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetical and agrochemical applications without the need for expensive downstream purification steps. To design efficient extraction methods on industrial scale independently of target compound by using NADES the following steps should be included: (1) selection and fine- tuning of physicochemical characteristics of NADES (2) selection and optimization of the extraction method, (3) recovery of the target compounds form NADES, if it is necessary and (4) scale-up. However, all published research data refer to milliliter scale, and according to our knowledge there are no NADES-based commercial process. NADES have a great potential for industrial application owing to the acceptable costs, the versatility of physicochemical properties, the simple and inexpensive preparation and the low cytotoxicity. Herein, development of green extraction method using NADES on case study grape pomace anthocyanins will be presented and possibility of process scale-up will be discussed.

green extraction ; green solvents ; natural deep eutectic solvents

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