engleski

Color sorting as a quick and cheap mycotoxin reduction method in the rye

Mycotoxins are ubiquitous toxic secondary metabolites of filamentous fungi. They are unavoidable contaminants that are heavily dependant on the weather conditions. To be able to reduce the exposure to the mycotoxins usually, post-harvesting mycotoxin reduction techniques are used. One of such techniques is colour sorting. Accept the mycotoxins fungi are also producing the pigments as secondary metabolites, whose biosynthesis is triggered by the same molecular mechanisms due to proximity on the gene. The exact colour changes are connected to the mycotoxin-producing fungi. The Fusarium spp. is producing the red pigment rubrofusarin, and the yellow aurofusarin. The Aspergillus spp. are producing yellow Asperversin, and Neoaspergillic acid, or brown pigments. The Penicillium spp. are producing yellow Anthraquinone, or orange Purpurogenone. The one more significant mycotoxin producer with visible changes on the colour is Claviceps purpurea, the producer of ergot alkaloids. They are producing cereal like ergot sclerotia that are dark violet to black in colour. The change in colour is the main basis for the automated colour sorting and reduction of mycotoxin contamination. Laboratory colour sorting machine “Labseed” was used for colour sorting the infected seeds, and up to 95% of the mycotoxin concentration was reduced. The highest reduction was achieved with Ergot alkaloids, while method was least effective for reduction of ochratoxin A (68% reduction).

mycotoxins ; color sorting ; rye ; Claviceps purpurea ; ergot alkaloids

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