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Identification of impurities in acarbose by using an integrated liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonace and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry approach

The usefulness of applying an integrated LC-NMR and LC-MS approach to acarbose bulk drug impurity profiling is demonstrated. LC-MS and LC-NMR methodologies were employed for the on-line separation and structural elucidation of a final drug product. Combining data provided by the stop-flow LC-NMR and LC-MS experiments made it possible to identify the main components present in the acarbose sample. Spectral analysis revealed that A and B were known impurities while C was an unknown compound. LC-MS and LC-NMR analyses revealed that C was a pentasacharide differing from the acarbose in a number and nature of sugar subunits in the molecule. It was subsequently isolated and its structure was confirmed by the off-line one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments and atom assignment was made.

acarbose; impurities; liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

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