engleski

Yeast Cell Wall Proteins and Their Biotechnological Potential

Fungal cell walls attracts attention for their use as an ideal potential target for antimycotics, but also as a cellular structure by which the cell corresponds with its surrounding. Budding yeast wall has a bilayered structure. The inner layer consists mainly of a network of linear ß-1, 3-glucan, and the outer layer is composed of an unusually high number of mannoproteins. Yeasts have evolved three different ways of attaching proteins to the polysaccharide network. Some proteins are bound to ß-1, 3-glucan noncovalently (Scw – soluble cell wall proteins ; extracted by hot SDS), while others are attached covalently (Ccw – covalently linked cell wall proteins ; extracted by glucanases) either through glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchor and ß-1, 6-glucan, or directly to ß-1, 3-glucan by an alkali labile ester linkage between the γ -carboxyl groups of glutamic acid and hydroxyl groups of glucoses (Pir – proteins with internal repeats ; extracted by mild alkalis). The exact physiological roles for most cell wall proteins are still unknown. Molecular mechanisms for incorporation of different groups of wall proteins, as well as the potential use of these mechanisms for cell surface engineering will be reviewed. Also, the potential of cell wall proteins for identification and characterisation of wine yeasts will be discussed.

yeast; cell wall; cell wall proteins

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