engleski

Supercritical CO2 extraction of grape seed oil from wine production organic waste

Growing consideration of the environmental issues is lately bringing about the need for more sophisticated control of food and beverages industry emissions and waste. In the other hand, the need of recognition and exploitation of various wastes as potential raw materials for the extraction of valuable compounds is also rising. The residues of wine making, both seeds or pulp and skins, constitute a very low cost source for both the extraction of phytochemicals, which can then be used as dietary supplements, and the production of biofuels. This exploitation process can thus provide an important economic advantage for the wineries. Grape seed contains about 10–20% of oil, which is usually extracted with solvent and refined before use in order to remove unacceptable materials with the least possible loss of oil. The application of supercritical CO2 extraction for the production of grape seed oil yields the oil that does not have to be refined and can therefore be more economical than the conventional solvent extraction. In this work, the efficiency of supercritical CO2 application for the grape seed oil extraction from the seeds of Teran, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties was proven by the high yields of obtained oils. Fatty acid composition of produced grape seed oils, with the essential linoleic acid being the dominant one, shows significant differences that depend on the grape varieties and also the extracted fraction. Significant amounts of tocopherols and tocotrienols were also found in produced grape seed oils making them a potentially valuable source of this natural antioxidants. The results of this study support the possibility of exploitation of grape seeds from wine pomace for the production of good quality grape seed oil with high processing yields enabled by supercritical CO2 extraction.

grape seed oil ; supercritical CO2 extraction ; fatty acids ; tocopherol

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