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Hydronephrotic Kidney Previously Treated for Tuberculosis: Rare Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Renal Pelvis Diagnosed by Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the renal pelvis is a very rare tumor often associated with renal calculi and chronic infections. There are only a few articles in literature which report renal pelvis SCC in kidneys treated for renal tuberculosis, diagnosed after nephrectomy. We report the case of SCC in a hydronephrotic kidney previously treated for tuberculosis, diagnosed by ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), prior to core biopsy and nephrectomy. Our report highlights the utility of FNAC and the need for a careful search for renal collecting system tumors, in patients previously treated for renal tuberculosis.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology; Renal pelvis; Squamous cell carcinoma; Tuberculosis

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