engleski

Mushroom polysaccharides in the control of mycotoxins: an update

Mushroom metabolites are useful tools in limiting of the presence of mycotoxins in food and feed stuff. Different mushroom polysaccharides demonstrated able in controlling the synthesis of several mycotoxins simultaneously, while mushroom enzymes showed to be active in toxin degradation. Among the polysaccharides most active in the control of the mycotoxin biosynthesis are those produced by Trametes versicolor, mushroom commonly known as Turkey tail. The active polysaccharide, in previous years, was isolated and characterized and its name, tramesan, has been registered. Tramesan has proven able to provide a long- lasting control of biosynthesis of the most important mycotoxins like aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and fumonisins both in field and during the storage. Moreover it has demonstrated some positive influence on animal health and protection against toxic effects of mycotoxins. These results indicates that tramesan could actually represent an environmental-friendly tool in mycotoxin control. But the production costs and variability in its yield could negatively influence the application of this polysaccharide. To solve out this problem and to evaluate the possibility of its industrial synthesis the characterization of the smallest polysaccharide’s active fraction has been undertaken. The research has focused on the valuation of the tramesan’s fragments length and their ability to inhibit toxin biosynthesis. The results showed that oligosaccharides longer than 7 units were active in toxin inhibition, while the smaller ones showed no biological activity. The research on optimal length and composition of active oligosaccharide is ongoing.

mycotoxins, polysaccharides, mushroom

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