engleski

Immunoreactions to hantaviruses. Can we use the lesson to build better vaccines

Hantaviruses (HTV) cause two important global health problems: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Two approaches in HTV vaccine design are mostly used: DNA vaccines and inactivated virus vaccines. The rational design of new vaccines and adjuvants against diseases may become possible with an understanding of the optimal vaccine-induced type 1 (cellular) and type 2 (antibody) cytokine responses. Our recent in vitro findings revealed some different patterns of cytokines, chemokines and their receptors in human cells infected with different HTV. Further research of the signaling pathways, responsible for such differences, may help us in better understanding of HFRS/HPS immunopathogenesis and future vaccine design. Advanced vaccine research indicates that some chemokines may prove to be useful adjuvants for genetic vaccination against intracellular infection. The induction of dendritic cell (DC) maturation is critical for the induction of antigen-specific T lymphocyte responses and may be essential for the development of human vaccines relying on T cell immunity. Our recent findings that HTV are capable of initiating dendritic cell (DC)-like differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes could be useful for further vaccine and immunopathogenesis research.

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