engleski

Genetic diversity of winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) for stability of quality

A problem in breeding for improved bread-making quality is to produce cultivars not only with good, but also with stable quality at different locations. Genotype and environment influence bread-making quality of wheat, however, differences exist in quality stability of a variety from different environments. In the performed investigations, differences in genetic stability among the varieties were found for quality parameters. The following quality parameters were analyzed: protein content, sedimentation value of flour, wet gluten, pharinographic and extensographic parameters of dough, yield, hectolitre weight, and 1000-kernel weight for four winter wheat varieties (Kuna, Banica, Žitarka, and Marija), grown at three locations (Ramanovci- Slavonska Požega, Hrastelnica- Sisak, and Savska Ves- Čakovec). Kuna had the best quality (A2- pharinografic group) and expressed the highest stability of quality parameters at all locations (A2-B1), with excellent response to unfavorable location, where it expressed good quality parameters (B1). Banica had average, B1, quality. It responded with reduced quality parameters (C1) to unfavorable location. Banica is a variety with good quality and positive reaction to favorable environment. Its genetic stability of quality is satisfactory. Žitarka expressed average quality B2. At unfavorable location it displayed lower quality (C1), but in favorable locations its quality was higher (B1). However, this increase in quality at favorable locations was not maximum possible. Low variability of quality parameters (B1-C1) prove good stability of Žitarka. Marija had average quality B2. At unfavorable location, its quality was lower (C1), but at favorable location, it grew considerably (A2). Marija is a variety with poorer stability of quality (A2-B2-C1), but with good response to favorable environments (location). Ramanovci is a location where all varieties displayed lowest value of quality parameters. Hrastelnica and Savska Ves were equally favorable locations at which highest values of quality parameters were expressed.

wheat; stability of quality; proteins

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