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Proportions and phenotypic expression of peripheral blood leukocytes in pigs vaccinated with an attenuated C strain and a subunit E2 vaccine against classical swine fever

The influence of an attenuated classical swine fever virus C strain (CSFV) vaccine and a subunit E2 vaccine against classical swine fever (CSF) on the peripheral blood leukocyte proportion and phenotypic expression in 12-week-old pigs was studied. The C strain was amplified in minipig kidney cell culture (MPK) and final product contained 104 0.15 TCID50/ml, while the subunit vaccine contained 32  g/dose of gp E2. Haematological findings showed that the vaccines did not cause leucopenia or lymphocytopenia and the number of neutrophils and eosinophils during the observation period was within physiological range. The results of the proportion of CD4a+, CD5a+, CD8a+, wCD21+, CD45RA+, CD45RC+, non T non B, SWC3a+ and CD11b+ cells were gained by single-colour flow cytometry. At the end of the trial a significantly increase of percentage of CD4+, CD5a+, CD8+, wCD21+ cells has been found in pigs that received the subunit vaccine and the percentage of CD4+, CD5a+, CD8+, CD45RA+ and CD45RC+ cells was higher in pigs that received the attenuated vaccine. Twenty eight days after vaccination the percentage of CD4+, CD45RA+ and CD45RC+ was significantly higher in pigs vaccinated with the C strain than in pigs vaccinated with the subunit vaccine. In contrary, the percentage of the wCD21+ cells was higher in pigs that received the subunit vaccine. Statisticaly higher values of SWC3a+ and lower values of CD11b+ cells was observed in pigs that received the attenuated vaccine than in pigs vaccinated with the subunit vaccine. Taken alltogether, our results showed that the subunit vaccine produced a better stimulation of B cells and CD11b+ monocytes/macrophages/granulocytes/NK cells, whereas the attenuated vaccine induced a higher response of Th cells, naive/memory cells and macrophages/neutrophils. Thus, both vaccines were able to influence the porcine immune system, by activating different subsets of the immune effector/accessory cells.

classical swine fever; vaccine; leukocytes; cytometry

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