engleski

Air traffic and environmental protection

At the begining of air age, the first part of last century, there were no significant environmental problems. Introduction of jet engine brings the noise and other impacts on environment. Air traffic has negative impact on environment as air polution, noise, possible surface and underground water pollution, waste etc. Negative impact on environment could be devided on: - aerodrome traffic where the most important are air polution, noise, possible surface and underground water pollution and waste, - construction and maintenance of aerodrome with waste material and liquids, - aircraft flying and air pollution, especially "greenhouse effect", - construction and maintenance of aircraft with waste fractions etc. Exhaust emission of jet engine consist of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, smoke etc. The emission depend on age as well as engine power setting: idle, approach, take off, climb and cruising. Noise depend on the generation of jet engine, frequency of landing and take off, procedures, use of airport during day or night etc. Surface watter pollution is possible on manoeuvring areas and apron as well as on maintenance areas. Aircraft and other accidents could polluted surface and underground watter. Waste fractions from airport are organic refuse, paper, glass, plastic material, chemicals etc. The paper presents the air traffic negative impacts on environment and tendencies, standards and recommendatons related to their mitigation. Also, airport planning and development according to sustainable development principles is analised.

aircraft engines; aircraft noise; warming effect; environmental impact of aviation

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