engleski

Application of Different Analytical Methods to the Characterization of Metallurgical Waste

Metallurgical processes produce significant volumes of waste, which is a problem both from economical and environmental point of view. In order to find solutions for exploitation of metallurgical waste as well as due to increasingly demanding legal regulations in environment protection, physical and chemical properties of these materials are more and more frequently subjected to systematic research. Characterisation of EAF dust, being one of the most significant types of hazardous metallurgical waste, was carried out through examination of its physical and chemical properties with special emphasis on chemical and structural characteristics and potential influence of this type of waste to the environment water system. For this pur pose, several different analytical methods were applied. The chemical composition of average EAF dust samples was investigated by means of a traditional chemical analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), emission spectrometry by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and absorption of IR-radiation. Granular- metric composition of single samples was determined by applying sieve separation according to DIN-4188, and standard procedures were applied to prepare the samples for the X-ray powder diffraction analysis. For scanning electron microscopy, the samples were prepared on a graphite support and electron micrographs were taken on the Scanning electron microscope with BSE detector and EDS analyser. The investigation of grain morphology and the mineralogical composition of EAF dust were taken by combination of high resolution Auger electron spectroscopy (HR AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Radio-chemical properties of electric furnace dust were defined by  -spectrometric analysis on a  -spectrometric system. The metal concentration, pH-value and conductivity in water eluates was determined in order to define the influence of EAF dust on the environment. The anions, which are relevant because of their impact on the environment (F , Cl , Br , NO-2, NO3  and SO42 ), were determined by the ion-chromatographic method. Eluated anions were detected using a combination of ion exchange columns and conductivity detection on a Ion Chromatograph with IC anion column. In order to assess the suitability and recycling potential of metallurgical waste, or to select the proper form of its final disposal, it is necessary to know its chemical, radiochemical, physical, morphological, mineralogical, and structural characteristics, as well as how it interacts with individual segments of environment system.

remediation; contaminate; sediments; metallurgical waste; characterization; analytical methods

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