engleski

The importance of health, pedagogical and technical principles in designing modern school furniture

School furniture which is adequately designed, with the correct dimensions and arranged in space is a decisive factor for proper growth and development of the child, their physical, psychomotor, cognitive, emotional and social abilities. Modern manufacturers worldwide and institutes for research and development of school furniture nowadays, set ever more demanding criteria for the design, construction and production of the optimal product. School furniture design has of necessity become an interdisciplinary activity involving a number of professionals: medical doctors, orthopaedic surgeons, educators, psychologists, designers, constructors, ecologists, economists and the manufacturers themselves. Since the child for most of the time is in direct contact with its worktable and a chair, it is not surprising that the attention of professionals is focused on the design of these furniture items. The optimal design of a child's "work place" in school is a huge and very responsible task for all those involved, considering that it is during the school years that the body experiences huge growth and development accompanied by great body changes. Anomalies and deformations developed in this period may bring about lasting consequences to the human body. The paper deals with the problem of a school child's sitting posture and the importance of health, pedagogical and technical principles in school furniture design. In addition some recommendations are given for the design of a school table and school chair according to ergonomic principles and studies and the world standards which should be taken into account when designing a range of school furniture.

school furniture; principles of design; anthropometrical measures; sitting; school table; school chair; ergonomics; standards

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