engleski

On the genetic origin of complementary protein coding

The relations of protein coding and hydropathy are investigated considering the principles of the molecular recognition theory and Grafstein's hypothesis of the stereochemical origin of the genetic code. It is shown that the coding of RNA and DNA requires 14 distinct groups of codon-anticodon pairs, which define all possible complementary amino acids. The molecular recognition theory is redefined considering the codon-anticodon relations of mRNAs, DNAs, tRNAs and Siemion's mutation ring of the genetic code. A model of DNA, RNA and protein coding (and decoding) based on two fundamental properties of DNA/RNA, denoted as complementary and stationary principles, is presented. Stationary DNA/RNA coding defines the nucleotide relationship of the same (self) DNA/RNA strand and complementary coding defines nucleotide distribution related to other (non-self) strand. Combinations of 2 digits, denoting primary and secondary characteristics of each nucleotide, specify codon positions according to the group subdivision (discrimination) principle. The process of coding is related to the hypercube node codon representations and dynamics of their binary tree locations. The relations between binary tree locations and Cantor set representations of different codon points are discussed in the context of quadratic mappings, Feigenbaum dynamics and signal analysis. Combinations of hypercube nodes and different binary tree positions define the words, sentences and syntax of DNA, RNA and protein language. Possible applications of this method may be related to network analysis and the design, gene, protein and drug modelling.

circular code ; RNA ; DNA ; receptors

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