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Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Two Satureja Species Essential Oils

The phytochemical GC/MS analysis and in-vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oils in aerial parts of Satureja montana L. and Satureja cuneifolia Ten., collected in the littoral part of submediterranean region of Croatia, were performed. The major compound of S. montana oil was phenolic monoterpene carvacrol (45.7%). Other important compounds were monoterpenic hydrocarbons p-cymene (12.6%), γ -terpinene (8.1%) and oxygen-containing compounds carvacrol methyl ether, borneol, thymol and thymol methyl ether. The volatile oil of S. cuneifolia was characterized with β -cubebene (8.7%), limonene (8.3%), α -pinene (6.9%), spathulenol and β -caryophyllene. The antimicrobial effects of S. montana and S. cuneifolia oils have a broad spectrum activity against multidrug resistant pathogens by broth microdilution method. The oils investigated in liquid medium were active against all the test strains with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Compared with S. cuneifolia the savory oil exhibited greater antimicrobial activity. Maximum activity of savory oil was observed against Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and against yeast (Candida albicans). The essential oil of S. cuneifolia was also found to inhibit the growth of medically important pathogens such as S. aureus and E. coli. The fungicidal activity in both oils against C. albicans and S. cerevisiae was also observed.

Satureja montana L.; Satureja cuneifolia Ten; essential oil; GC-MS; antimicrobial activity; antibiotic resistant bacteria.

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