engleski

The Anatomy Of The Female And Male Ostrich (Struthio Camelus) Reproductive System As A Base Of Reproductive Physiology

The reproductive tract of the females (organa genitalia feminina) consists of the ovary and oviduct, of which is only the left are developed. The ovary is suspended from the dorsal body wall, ventral of the left kidney. In mature birds resembles a bunch of grapes consists of a stroma in which numerous follicles are embedded. The oviduct comprises the infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus and vagina. Two shell membranes being formed in the infundibulum and isthmus and the thick albumen in the magnum. The utherus is also called ” the shell gland” , because the hard shell is formed here from secretion of the calcareous glands. The vagina opens into the urodeum next to the opening of the left ureter. The male reproductive organs (organa genitalia masculina) comprise the two testis, two epididymis, two ductus deferens and phallus. The testes are situated on either side of the caudal vena cava, ventral to the cranial division of the kidneys. They lie near the adrenal glands and are suspended from the body wall by a fold of mesentery. During breeding season testes are oval structures measuring 160 mm in lenght and 50 mm in the widest point. The cranial pole of the left testis lies at the caudal border of the last rib and is related craniomedially to the spleen. The cranial pole of the right testis lies approximately 25 mm caudal to the last rib. Sikarskie (1987) developed a relatively safe surgical technique employing a single left lateral approach for the removal of both testes. The epididymis is a large structure attached to the dorsomedial surface of the testis. The ductus deferens opens into the urodeum lateral to the ureter via the deferent duct papilla. The phallus is attached to the ventral wall of the cloaca and comprises a base and a conical shaft. It consists of paired fibrous bodies, dorsal sulcus, elastic vascular body and muscles. The cloaca consist of coproeum, urodeum and proctodeum.

ostrich; organa genitalia feminina; organa genitalia masculina; cloaca

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