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Karpatian Paleogeography, Tectonics and Eustatic Changes

Paleogeographic-palinspastic reconstructions (models) of the Central Paratethys area (Eastern Alps, Carpathians, Pannonian Basin System, Dinarides) during the Karpatian are based on two important models: (1) a model of sedimentary basins in the subduction zone and accretionary wedge region and (2) a model of overriding plate movement and the extent of stretching during basin formation processes. A model of the Outer Carpathian units takes into consideration shortening across the accretionary wedge to a minimum of 100 km in the west, and about 200-300 km in the east. The timing of the volcanic activity and its geometry reflects the verticalization of the sinking slab and its stepwise breakdown. The Karpatian palinspastic reconstruction documents the termination of sedimentation in the residual flysch troughs, in which sedimentary fill suffered tectonic inversion and which were accreted to the accretionary wedge of the orogene. In front of the Carpathian chain, migration of foredeep basin depocentres onto the European Platform margin is described as having been the result of the deep subsurface load of the subducting lithosphere. The model of the consolidated Carpathian chain and Pannonian Basin System takes into consideration the very important horizontal displacements between the two major microplates, Alcapa and Tisza-Dacia and along other strike-slip zones, as well as the extensive lithospheric stretching which led to back arc basin formation. The rifting process was connected or even driven/preceeded by the uplift of the asthenospheric mantle. The amount of Neogene extension is estimated at 200-300 km. This estimate points to the fact that the original extent of the microplates (the present area of the Pannonian Basin) was much smaller in size than it is in recent times and that the crustal and lithosphere thickness also reached much higher values. The Karpatian paleogeography documents an initial rifting phase accompanied by synrift sedimentation in the basins and depocentres in the hinterland of the mountain chain and the Pannonian Basin System. At first, the basin subsidence resulted in the accumulation of terrestrial, alluvial, deltaic and brackish sedimentary successions. Marine deposits are documented only from the western and central parts of the Carpathian-Pannonian region.

Karpatian, paleogeography, tectonics, Central Paratethys

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