engleski

Dynamics of sympatric sub-populations of Botrytis cinerea in different phenophases of grapevine in Croatian vineyards and their connection to resistance to botryticides

Botrytis cinerea Pers., Fr. (teleomorph Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel) manifest extraordinary genotype and phenotype variability and adaptibility. One of causes of varibility it attributed to transposable elements (TE) from transposons and retrotransposons groups. Accordings to recent publications based on gypsy-like retrotransposons (Boty) and transposons (Flipper) the fungus B.cinerea has beeen divided into two sympatric sub-populations. The presence of both TE (Boty+Flipper+) characterises sub-populationsB.transposa, while sub-population B.vacuma, contains neither Te (Boty-Flipper-). The aims of conducted inestigation were to determine the conection of these sub-populations with grapevinbe phenophases and to explore the presence of resistance to botriticides in each sub-populations. 122 isolates were isolated during the whole yerar at different phenophasese from the two vineyards at different locations. During the vegetative phase in vineyrads the following botryticides were applied: dicarobximides (vinclozolin), phenylsulphamides (dichlofluanid, tolylfluanid), anilinopirimidines (pyrimethanil), hydroxianilidines (fenhexamid) and phenylpyroles (fludioxonil). The transposon analyses were performed by PCR. A specific primer pair was designed according to avaible sequences. The resistance to the fungiucides were tested in vitro by mycelium growt. A subpopulaton of B. transposa was present in all grapevine phenophases in 84 percent, while B.vacuma was present in only 5 percent. A third sub-population characterised only with the Boty transposon (Boty+Flipper-) was detected too only 11 percent. The B. vacuma was common during the winter collected from 1-year old canes, while B.transposa was common during the vegetative periode. Most isolates proved to be resistance to at least one of the botryticides listed above. The majority of the resustance isolates were resistant to phenylsulphamides. The ratio mentioned sub-populations to botryticides resistance different.

Botrytis cinerea; gray mould; sympatric sub-populations; transposable elements

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