engleski

Botryotinia fuckeliana isolates carrying differential response to fungicides and localization on host plants

Grey mould caused by Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel (teleomorph of Botrytis cinerea) causes heavy yield losses on many crops all over the world. The fungus shows a broad phenotypic variability. Several sources of variation are known, such as heterokaryosis, heteroploidy, transposable elements, and dsRNA and virus-like particles. Two transposable elements (Boty and Flipper) have been found in B. fuckeliana. Two coexisting sympatric populations of the fungus, transposa (Boty+Flipper+) and vacuma (Boty-Flipper-), with different host plants specialization and response to fungicides, were recognized in France. 530 isolates from different origins were investigated through PCR reaction using primers specific for two transposons.352 isolates were Boty+Flipper+, 45 were Boty+Flipper-, 20 Boty-Flipper+, and 113 Boty-Flipper-. Isolates representative of Botryotinia fuckeliana populations present on grapevine and strawberry in Italy and Croatia were sampled during the growing season. Response to fungicides (benomyl, vinclozolin, pyrimethanil, fludioxonil, fenhexamid and dichlofluanid) of isoaltes was evaluated in colony growth tests. On fruits, Boty+Flipper+ and Boty+Flipper- isolates were largely prevalent on Boty-Flipper- isolates, while they were in similar proportions on other plant organ. The majority of Boty+Flippe+ (70%) and Boty+Flipper- (55%) isolates were resistant to one or more fungicides, while the majority od Boty-Flipper- (85%) isolates showed the wild-type sensitive phenotype. Further investigations are in progress on the role of various types of Botryotinia fuckeliana isolates in the epidemiology of gray mould and fungicide resistance.

Botryotinia fuckeliana; Transposons; Host plants; Fungicides

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