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Biodiversity in Orobanche crenata in the Mediterranean region - A review

The study of population genetic diversity of Orobanche species is of great importance since the understanding of the variability within and between pathogenic populations is essential if selection programs need to target sources of resistance. According to Orobanche crenata, isozymes and DNA based markers have been used to determine the level of variation among populations. Both types of markers have detected a general low genetic differentiation among populations and a high proportion of variation at the intrapopulation level. In this sense, the first study of O. crenata diversity using isozymes found a high genetic variation within population with the largest genetic distance between the Syrian and the Spanish populations (Verkleij and Pieterse, 1994). A similar study was also carried out with ISSR markers including three O. crenata populations from Israel and three from Spain detecting a lower genetic differentiation among the Spanish populations and a significant differentiation between these two regions (Román et al., 2002). Paran et al., (1997) also used RAPD markers to determine differences between populations growing on different hosts and found that most of the intraspecific variation in two populations growing on carrot and vetch in Israel was among individuals and not among hosts nor between regions. (Paran et al., 1997). The further development of population genetic studies of O. crenata will require the use of codominant marker systems as microsatellites and more extensive sampling of populations from different regions and different hosts.

Orobanche; genetic diversity; population genetics; molecular markers; AMOVA

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