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Late Cretaceous to Oligocene Larger Miliolids in the Neotethys and in the Caribbean

Larger miliolids are defined by having trematophores aligned according to a single apertural axis. There are two minly groups of larger miliolids characterized by a different architecture of the endoskeleton in the microscopic generation: the lacaziniform genera by a compact basal layer bearing ribs, rows of radial pillars or continuous septula supporting the extern chamber wall, whereas the fabulariid genera exhibit irregularly arranged passages in the basal layer and an extern layer of smaller chamberlets. In the Late Cretaceous, lacaziniform genera appear the first time as endemic forms in the Pyrenean Gulf of the early Atlantic. During Paleocene and Early Eocene, we observe the second bloom of lacaziniform miliolids reaching a considerable diversity and spreading all over the western and central Neotethys including the Lockhartia Sea (Middle East and East Africa). The Eocene in the western Neotethys is characterized by presence of fabulariid genera complemented in the Caribbean realm by the yaberinellids. In the Late Eocene and Early Oligocene, lacaziniform species appear for the third time but seen to be restricted to the Far East: among others the famous Lacazinella fauna from New Guinea.

Larger Miliolids; Late Cretaceous; Oligocene; Carribean; Neotethys

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