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Unique Vaults of the Cathedral in Šibenik

The cathedral of Šibenik excels for the unique structure of its stone vaults, which also create a covering of the church. The upper vaults of the Šibenik cathedral (ribbed barrel and semi-barrel vaults) are erected using the specific method of construction, akin to the timber structures. It results in the peculiar structural effects. Thin monolithic slabs of the vault webs transfer their load mostly to the arches, which carry the most of the weight of the vaults. Thus the loads (and the thrusts) are concentrated at the arch bearings, where iron ties take over the most of the horizontal thrust, enabling a slender vertical substructure. The builders of the cathedral in Šibenik created an original and audacious, and yet an extremely logical vault system. Šibenska se katedrala posebno ističe jedinstvenom konstrukcijom svojih kamenih svodova, koji ujedno tvore i pokrov crkve. Gornji svodovi šibenske katedrale (bačvasti i segmentni svodovi pojačani pojasnim rebrima) podignuti su specifičnom tehnikom, srodnom gradnji drvom, koja rezultira osebujnim strukturalnim djelovanjem. Tanke monolitne ploče plašta svodova prenose opterećenje uglavnom na lukove, koji dakle preuzimaju gotovo cijelu težinu svodova. Stoga su opterećenja (i horizontalni potisci) koncentrirani u uporištima lukova, gdje željezne zatege preuzimaju glavninu horizontalnih sila, omogućujući vitku vertikalnu substrukturu. Graditelji šibenske katedrale stvorili su, dakle, izvoran, smion i krajnje racionalan svodovni sustav.

Šibenik cathedral; traditional masonry structures; original vault system; classical graphical analysis; computational analysis; Gothic; Renaissance

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