engleski

Mineralogical, Chemical and Toxicological Properties of Developed by Using Red Mud and Waste Base as Raw Materials

The detailed technology of coagulant production using industrial waste as raw material was presented in this work. As raw materials, red mud (RM) and waste (WB) by products of alumina production in abandoned alumina factory Obrovac were considered. Chemical and mineraalogical properties of raw materials, coagulant and waste mud remained after waste water purification with this new coagulant were investigated by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. For the toxicity study of coagulant and waste mud, the determination of frequency of the coll survival, Ames assay, micronucleus assay and cell proliferation (expressed s mitotic index) were used. It was found that the process of coagulant production was in the same time the process of waste base neutralisation and purification with any additional costs and waste from one industry could be successfully used for the treatment of the waste from other industries. Different laboratory and field-tests showed high sorption capacity and structural stability of this new product. It was found that one dose of coagulant is sufficient for five consecutive cycles of waste water treatment to the concentrations suitable for the discharge directly into the environment. The main mechanism of heavy metals removal from the waste waters was chemisorption. Coagulant prepared from RM and WB according to its water extract composition and toxicity is safe for handling and usage. On the base of the same parameters it was found that waste mud, remained after water treatment with this coagulant, represent no treat to the environment. According to its leachate composition and toxicity, this waste material could be deposited at the domestic waste dumping site or regenerated and re-used for the waste waters treatment. Before the permanent deposition, some volume reduction technique was necessary.

coagulant; water extracts; genotoxicity; Ames test; micronucleus test; mitotic index; zinc; lead

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