engleski

Rejuvenation of cv. Vugava grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in vitro

Phenotypical characteristics of cv. Vugava grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in vitro regenerated plants, seedlings obtained from cultivated mature seeds, plants derived from nodal segments cultivated in vitro and after one year under in vivo conditions were studied. Microcuttings produced from the nodal segment cultures were grown on MS medium supplemented with 4.4  M BA. Growing shoots were transferred onto the same basal medium with 11.4  M IAA addition to promote plant elongation and rooting. Shoots were divided into nodal segments which were subcultured at six week intervals. Tendril production was common in the first subculture but gradually declined in the second and ninth subcultures suggesting an effect of gradual rejuvenation. Distichous phyllotaxy in plants observed in the first subculture changed up to the spiral one in plants developed in the ninth subculture. Adventitious plants were regenerated on petiole explants from in vitro grown plants on the medium containing MS macronutrients and vitamins, Heller’ s micronutrients, and the addition of 2.5  M BA and 5.0  M IBA. Adventitious shoots showed juvenile morphology with spiral phyllotaxy and no tendril formation. Mature seeds were germinated and grown on Nitsch and Nitsch (1969) medium enriched with 10.0  M BA, 10.0  M IAA and 1.0  M GA3. The transformation of shoots to adult morphology after transfer to greenhouse was the fastest in plants derived from nodal segment cultures. In adventitiously regenerated plants the transition from the juvenile to the intermediate status after one year in the greenhouse has been observed (phyllotaxy was distichous with irregular tendril arrangement). The phyllotaxy of seedlings remained spiral after one year of in vivo cultivation. These results show that microcuttings of cv. Vugava grapevine, produced from the nodal segment cultures were partially rejuvenated, while adventitiously regenerated plants showed characteristics of juvenile status during in vitro cultivation.

rejuvenation; phyllotaxy; tendril; adventitious

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