engleski

The occurence and control of fire blight in Croatia

Fire Blight was not observed in Croatia until 1995 when the first symptoms were reported in villages bordering upon Yugoslavia. Today it has spread to the eastern part of Croatia (see distribution map) while it has not yet been observed in western parts nor in the coastal region. Following its appearance all quarantine measures were undertaken. The trees began to be eradicated. Until 1988 in Croatia we had the possibility to indemnify 199 432 apple trees, 142 479 pear trees, 148 quince trees and 152 meddler-trees. Far more trees were eradicated and burned, but still the disease was present in eastern parts of Croatia. A PAAR forecast apparatus was set up in Osijek, i.e. the area where infection was present. The efficacy of the following bactericides were tested on infections of the flower: Firestop, streptomycin sulphate, copper and Aliette. Among the tested bactericides, Firestop proved the most efficient followed in descending order by streptomycin, copper... Based on Maryblyt 4.3 in 1997 the time of infection in the period of flowering was monitored. On the basis of one year of observation it was shown that Maryblyt could be of use in forecasting and controlling this disease. Using the same method we tested whether conditions for infection existed during flowering on several sites in Croatia where the disease had not yet been discovered (Slavonski Brod, Varaždin and Poreč). The results show that conditions for infection do not exist in all tested locations.

Erwinia amylovora; forecasting; identification; Croatia; bactericides

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