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RAPD analyses, genome size and genomic in situ hybridization in triploid viviparous onions Ljutika and Pran

Identical Randomyl Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) banding pattern and the same DNA amount (2C = 43, 4 pg) confirmed the high genetic similarity and the unique origin of the two triploid viviparous onions (Alllium cepa L. var. viviparum Metzg. (Alef.), auct.) the Croatian Ljutika and the Indian Pran. In order to elucidate the parental Allium species of these natural triploid hybrids, genomic fluorescent in situ hybridization was applied. Biotinylated genomic DNAs from six diploid Allium species (A. cepa L., A. fistulosum L., A. roylei Stearn, A. vavilovii M. Pop. et Vved., A. galanthum Kar. et Kir., A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch.) were used as probes in this study. The DNA probe from A. cepa labelled completely only one (C) genome (8 longer chromosomes). The DNA probe from A. roylei labelled completely another, (R) genome (8 rather short chromosomes), and one or both telomeric regions of at least 10 other chromosomes. In a few chromosomes the markers of the triploid karyotype were not completely labelled neither with A. cepa DNA probe, nor with A. roylei DNA probe. The results unambigously showed identity of two parental genomes (C and R), whereas the third genome (X) still needs to be identified.

onions Ljutika and Pran; RAPD analyses; genome size; in situ hybridization; triploid viviparous

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