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Total Phenolics, Flavonoids, Anthocyanins and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Wild Cornelian Cherries (Cornus mas L.) grown in Croatia

In two varieties of wild cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) physico-chemical parameters (total and soluble dry matter, total acidity and sugars), colour, total phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins and free radical scavenging activity were determined. Physico-chemical parameters were determined according to RSK-Werte-Die Gesamtdarstellung (1987). Colour was measured according to CIE Lab system on colorimeter (Colortec PCM, USA).The cornelian cherry colour was represented with Hue angle (Hs), Chroma (C) and L value.Determination of total phenolic content from cornelian cherry extract was carried out according to Amerine and Ough (1980) and Singleton and Rossi (1965) using a Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, and the results were expresed as mg gallic acid equivalents/100g fresh sample. Total flavonoids were measured by a colorimetric assay developed by Jia et al. (1999). The anthocyanin content was determined by bisulphite bleaching method (Riberéau-Gayon &. Stonestreet, 1965). The total antioxidant capacity in the cornelian cherry extracts was investigated by using various state of the art methods: 2, 2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothialozine-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS+) (Zhou et al., 2004), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil radical (DPPH) (Brand-Williams et al., 1995) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (Connor et al., 2002) assay. Physico-chemical and colour parameters of the fruit were showed that fruits` quality was convenient for a consumer or processing. The result showed that both cornelian cherry contained high amount of total phenols (371.994.05 mg/100g and 464.792.03 mg/100g), especially dark red variety. Total flavonoids and anthocyanins also were determined in higher amounts in dark red variety. All three methods, ABTS+, DPPH, and FRAP assay indicated that both varieties of cornelian cherry demonstrated high radical scavenging activity, especially dark red variety, which may be attributed to much high levels of total phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins. There was a good correlation between all investigated groups of phenolic compounds contents and total antioxidant capacity. This data suggest that the dietary phenolics from wild cornelian cherry may supply substantial antioxidants, which may provide health-promoting advantages to the consumer.

cornelian cherry; free radical scavenging; CIE

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