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The primary structure and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Suberites domuncula (Olivi)

Mitochondria, the energy-producing organelles of the eukaryotic cell, originate from an endosymbiotic Alphaproteobacterium. Genome architecture and gene content of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) vary extensively throughout eukaryotes. New insights into early mitochondrial genome evolution come from the investigation of primitive mitochondriate eukaryotes, as well as from the comparison between mitochondria and intracellular bacterial symbionts. The mitochondrial genome of Suberites domuncula is circular-mapping molecule of 26.3 kbp in size and is the longest yet found in Porifera. It contains 41 genes with the same transcriptional orientation. Fourteen protein-coding genes (atp6, atp8-9, cox1-3, nad1-6 and nad4L) 25 tRNA genes and 2 rRNA genes have been previously reported in demosponges. The overlappings and introns were not found. The genetic code in S. domuncula mt genes is minimally derived and only the UGA termination codon is used to code for triptophan. The evolution of the typical animal mitochondrial genome has been a multistep process, where compact genome organization and reduced gene content have been established prior to the reduction of tRNA and rRNA structures.

Suberites domuncula; mitochondrial DNA; evolution

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