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Photostability of Polyurethane Elastomers Based on Two Types of Diisocyanates

The effect of UV irradiation on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of polyurethane (PU) elastomers and their morphology was studied. The chemical changes in the PU elastomers to UV radiation were studied by means of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The PU elastomers were based on an aromatic isocyanate (4, 4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate) and a cycloaliphatic isocyanate (4, 4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate). Poly(caprolactone) glycol of 1250 molecular weight was the polyol used and 1, 4-butanediol was the chain extender. The elastomers were prepared in a two-step procedure. First, prepolymers were prepared from poly(caprolactone)glycol by reacting with the corresponding isocyanate at NCO/OH ratios of 2/1 and 4/1. The prepolymers were then chainextended with 1, 4-butanediol and the mixture was press-molded in a platen press at 100 oC. The results showed that the stability of the investigated PU elastomers depended on the chemical structure of the diisocyanate and the hard/soft segment ratio. The processes of photooxidative degradation are more prevalent in PU elastomers based on cycloaliphatic isocyanate than thosebased on the aromatic isocyanate. In the case of PU elastomers based on the cycloaliphatic isocyanate it was found that the photodegradative processes were enhanced with increasing hard segment concentration. The degree of photooxidative degradation of PU elastomers, as studied by FTIR, correlated very well with the extent of morphological changes and changes in mechanical properties. Although PU elastomers based on the aromatic isocyanate undergo color changes, they exhibited better retention of mechanical properties compared to those based on the aliphatic isocyanate.

polyurethane; elastomere; thermomechanical properties of polyurethane; morphology; aromatic isocyanate; cysloaliphatic isocyanate; stability

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