engleski

Determination of veterinary antibiotics of various pharmaceutical classes in wastewater by HPLC-ESI/MS

Recent studies have shown that a multitude of drugs are present in aquatic systems, what include also antibiotics which are reffered as emerging contaminants. anumber of antibiotics occur in environment via wastewater and process wastewater released to the environment after only a partial wastewater treatment. This work focuses on the application of SPE-HPLC analysis of veterinary antibiotics of various classes in highly complex veterinary pharmaceutical industry wastewater matrix. The antibiotics investigated included sulfonamides (sulfaguanidine, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole and sulfamethazine), a sulfonamide synergist from diaminopyrimidine class (trimethoprim), a tetracycline (oxytetracycline), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin), aminoglycozides (hydrostreptomycin, streptomycin and neomycin) and a betha-lactames (penicillin G/procaine, ampicillin and amoxicillin). The method involves pre-concentration and clean-up by solid-phase extraction (SPE) on reversed-phase polymeric sorbent. The antibiotics were extracted from 100 mL wastewater samples (pH=4) with methanol. Final analysis of selected antibiotic compounds was carried out by high-performence liquid chromatography (HPLC) with gradient elution of mobile phase (0, 1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0, 1 % formic acid in water) on polar embadded C18 column and detected by mass spectrometry (MS) via an electrospray ionization interface (ESI) in positive mode. Method development includes optimisation of the parameters, and optimization of the LC separation and ESI/MS conditions. Validation of the method range, as well as linearity, recovery, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) confirmed that method is suitable for the foreseen purposes.

veterinary antibiotics; wastewater; HPLC-ESI/MS

nije evidentirano