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Zirconium titanate ceramics for humidity sensors synthesized by sol-gel process

Zirconium titanate, ZrTiO_4 was synthesized by sol-gel method from zirconium butoxide and titanium isopropoxide. Amorphous ZrTiO_4 powder was ground to under 0.8 mm, calcined at 500 °C, and milled to homogenise size distribution of the powder. Milled powder was pressed into tablets and sintered at 900 1400 °C for 8 hours. Differential scanning calorimetry and dilatometric studies indicated crystallization of ZrTiO_4 at 600-700 °C. Raman spectroscopy and X ray diffraction analysis confirmed crystallization of pure zirconium titanate already at 900 °C, and crystallite size was determined by Scherrer equation. Scanning electron microscopy showed that ZrTiO_4 grains begin to sinter at higher temperatures, starting from 1200 °C, while preserving high porosity up to 1300 °C.

porosity; sensors; sintering; sol-gel process; zirconium titanate

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