engleski

Physics Teachers in Croatian Secondary Schools at the Beginning of 20th Century

At the beginning of 20th century &raquo ; ; Croatia and Slavonia&laquo ; ; , as part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, comprised approximately the teritory of today’ s Croatia without Istria and Dalmatia. It had a certain degree of autonomy implemented through the local government with several departments, among which was the Department for religion affairs and education. At that time in Croatia and Slavonia there were 18 secondary schools (9 clasics-programme and 9 comprehensive, approx. one school on 134 000 inhabitants) with 6000 pupils. In this paper an account of the structure of the community of physics teachers in these schools in the year 1901 is given. The community consisted of 41 teachers with the university education in physics (and mathematics) as the main subject, 33 teachers with university education in physics as the secondary subject (mainly with natural history, chemistry, or philosophy as the main subject), and one teacher without university education. This community was further analysed according to various parameters, such as age, professional position, university attended and the degree obtained, years of service, etc. It is shown that the establishment of The Royal University of Francis Joseph I in Zagreb in the year 1874 brought the expected change into the structure of that community: while old generation (more than 20 years of service) was educated abroad (Vienna, Graz, Prague), young generation (less than 20 years of service) was almost exclusively educated in Zagreb.

History of physics; Croatia; physics teachers

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