engleski

Instrumentation of geodynamical research

Earth's surface long-term deformations or Earth strain, are mostly caused by large-scale tectonic forces. Earth's strain is mostly determined from measurements between several points on stabilised benchmarks in special networks. As we only presume the deformed surface the positions of characteristic points and the configuration of such a net is extremely difficult to project. The final goal based on such measurements is the deformation of the whole surface, which must be modelled. Unlike for other purposes, instruments for geodinamical research are in a way in fixed connection with the rocks. As the rock sites are a part of these instruments, for a proper data interpretation, special care and analyses of the behaviour of these sites in time is necessary. Several disturbing influences as temperature, ocean loading effects and Earth-tides, water table and humidity changes, air pressure and others influence the stability of the mounts. An analysis of these influences for a proper data interpretation is necessary to separate movements of tectonic, seismic and other origin. Geodynamics of the Earth's crust generally include changes in position, height and gravity and therefore instruments for measuring distances, angles, tilting, heights and gravity have to be applied. The changes in position, which we get from repeated measurements in different epochs, are calculated as differences of co-ordinates, vectors or speed of the deformation. To get information about what happens between these epochs instruments for continuous measurements must be applied such as, mechanical and LASER extensometers, fluid-tiltmeters, pendulums and real-time GPS, or a better solution the combination of several such instruments.

Earth-strain; Earth-tides; Geodynamics; real-time GPS; Extensometer; tiltmeter

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