engleski

Effect of precrop on winter wheat yield

The Earth's population is rising, and this situation puts high demands on agricultural production. Yield and quality should be increased. A growing number of agricultural products is used both for food and for industrial purposes, such as biofuel production. Most of Central European countries have decided to produce biodiesel from oilseed rape. The Croatian agricultural production has a long tradition. It is, side by side with tourism, the basis for future developments. One third of the population is presently associated with agricultural production. There are some problems in relation with agriculture such as small farms, low efficiency and unfavourable climate. Lower efficiency compared to the efficiency level of developed countries increases the productinal costs and producers' debts. The organization of agriculture as well as its economical, energetical and environmental aspects present an issue due to transitional processes, free market conditions and EU recommendations, which should be taken into consideration. All the above mentioned means that steps towards higher efficiency should be taken in order to be competitive (Kanisek et al., 2001). The EU imports 65% of energy, which is the upper limit. The EU signed the Kyoto Protocol according to which some recommendations were made concerning the use of alternative fuels such as biodiesel, ethanol, and biogas, which are obtained from biomass. Based on the above mentioned recommendations three biodiesel plants have already been built in Croatia, and some other plants have been considered. The production of oleiferous plants is lower than the productional capacity of the plants. The disparity has to be resolved by favourable steps, such as higher subventions. Another initative for oilseed rape production could be the improvement of soil quality. This means a higher amount of nitrogen after the vegetation period of oilseed rape, high activity of microorganisms as well as sufficient quality related with with harvest residues on soil (Lauten, 1988). The above mentioned assumptions could positively affect the productional input cost, and on the other side, the increse of the yield in crop rotation. This all can bring about a more eager interest in the production of oilseed rape. Efficient plant nutrition should be a part of proper technology (Szalay et al., 2006). The research presented in this paper compares the yield of wheat sown after oilseed rape and barley, respectively. The results show that after the growth of oilseed rape less nitrogen should be brought into the soil, which decreases the productional cost of the following cultivar.

precrop ; winter wheat

nije evidentirano