engleski

Some climatic changes and its impact on agriculture in Eastern Croatia

The paper displays researches on some climatic changes (percipitations, air temperature, evapotranspirations)in eastern Croatia during the time period from 1970 to 1992. By the analysis of basic climatic data for three metereological stations (Osijek, Županja, Virovitica)it was found out that on the investigated area drought periods has more often apperaed since 1981. In many years average on the region of eastern Croatia the total of 722 mm precipitations fall annually i.e. 398 mm in crop vegetation. However, after 1981 total annual precipitations decreased to 584 mm (95 mm less than many years average) while vegetation ones to 354 mm (44 mm less than many years average). At the same time the warming period occurred, thus, mean annual air temperature increased by about 0,9 degree C and in vegetation by 1,2-1,7 degree C. Also, energy influx per area unit (MJ/m2/day ). Because of warmer climate, reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was increased by 42 mm-210 mm annually whereas vegetation one was also increased from 41 mm-82 mm of water. By reference evapotranspiration increasing, especially in dry years which appeared more often in frequency of 35-45 percent, crop water requirements increased during growing season. That why for the purpose of irrigation practice in this paper crop water requirements and depth irrigations were calculated for some crop that are sown and irrigated in these regions (maize, sugar beet, sunflower, potato, watermelon, cabbage and tomato).

dray years; drought in agriculture; annual and vegetation

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