engleski

Congenital Cytomegalovirus infection : A Common Cause of Childhood Disability

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common transplacentary transmitted viral infection, occuring in approximately 1% of live born neonates. CMV may cause multiorgan affection, with the most serious and permanent sequelae to central nervous system (CNS). About 10% of infected neonates will demonstrate symptoms at birth, while the remainder will be asymptomatic. However, both symptomatic and asymptomatic CMV infection may cause wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders. Advanced laboratory methods in particularly detection of polymerase chain reaction for CMV DNA have enabled a rapid and accurate diagnosis of an active infection and follow up. Neuroimaging , i.e. prenatal and postnatal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), contributes to detection of CNS structural involvement in clinically-presumed or laboratory-proven CMV infection. Congenital CMV infection may disturb the neurogenesis of CNS both cerebrum and cerebellum and cause permanent neurological sequelae, the most prominent and severe being: sensorineural hearing loss , severe motor deficit, mental retardation, choreoretinitis with visual problems and epilepsy.

CMV infection; cranial ultrasonography; brain MRI; developmental outcome

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