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Marshland vegetation of the class Phragmiti-Magnocaricetea in Croatia

Marshland vegetation of the class Phragmiti-Magnocaricetea belongs among the most endangered types of habitat in Europe and elsewhere. In Croatia, marshland vegetation has never been systematically investigated. Hence there is an obvious need for the synthesis of all available data, which is the objective of this work. For this purpose over 500 relevés were collected. Field research was carried out in accordance with the standard Braun-Blanquet methodology. The communities are understood in the sense of the traditional, i.e. formal syntaxonomical system based on the character or dominant species. Marshland vegetation of the class Phragmiti-Magnocaricetea in Croatia covers the order Phragmitetalia ; three alliances: Phragmition, Magnocaricion and Sparganio-Glycerion fluitantis, and a total of 33 communities. The alliance Phragmition contains the following 17 associations: Acoretum calami, Butometum umbellati, Cladietum marisci, Cyperetum longi, Equisetetum fluviatilis, Glycerietum maximae, Oenantho-Rorippetum, Phragmitetum australis, Phragmiti-Typhetum minimae, Sagittario-Sparganietum emersi, Scirpetum lacustris, Scirpetum litoralis, Scirpetum maritimi, Scirpetum tabernaemontani, Sparganietum erecti, Typhetum angustifoliae and Typhetum latifoliae. The alliance Magnocaricion contains 12 communities: Caricetum acutiformis, Caricetum elatae, Caricetum gracilis, Caricetum paniculatae, Caricetum vesicariae, Caricetum vulpinae, Eleocharitetum palustris, Galio palustris-Caricetum ripariae, Hydrocotyle-Caricetum elatae, Iris pseudacorus community, Juncus subnodulosus community and Phalaridetum arundinaceae. The alliance Sparganio-Glycerion fluitantis contains 4 communities: Glycerietum fluitantis, Leersietum oryzoidis, Nasturtietum officinalis and Veronica beccabunga community. The most widespread marshland community in all Croatia is the association Phragmitetum australis, followed by the associations Galio palustris-Caricetum ripariae and Caricetum elatae, which are restricted to the continental part of the country. Diversity of marshland vegetation and of the appertaining plant species is considerably higher in inland Croatia than along the Adriatic coast, which is probably a result of the geological bedrock and climate.

marshland vegetation; Croatia

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