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Genetic structure of natural and cultured populations of the oyster (Ostrea edulis L.) in the Adriatic Sea

Starch gel electrophoresis was used to determine the genetic structure, as well as population differentiation in and among natural and cultured populations of the European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis, L.) from the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. From three natural and three cultured populations, seven enzyme loci were analyzed: 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6Pgd), isocitrate dehydrogenase (Idh), glucosephosphate isomerase (Pgi) and peptidase (-a, -b, -c, -d). None of the populations revealed significant deviations from the expected Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium frequences of genotypes, which propose that mating was random within each population. The number of percent of polymorphic loci per population, mean heterozygosity and effective number allele per locus indicate that the levels of genetic variations O.edulis populations at the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea are higher in comparison to other oyster populations from the Mediterranean and Atlantic beds. There is no heterozygote deficiency within populations, nor differentiations in gene frequencies between natural and cultured populations.

Genetic structure; Ostrea edulis;L.; allozymes; shellfish genetics

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