engleski

Evolution of ancient Egyptian funeral architecture from the Badari culture to the end of Old Kingdom

In this paper author analyzed the evolution of ancient Egyptian funerary architecture and practice from predynastic periods to the end of Old Kingdom. The first section deals with the early architecture elements (various types of pit graves, early mastaba) and burial practice (layout of the body, grave goods) based on the most important cultures in Upper (Badari, Nagada I-III) and Lower Egypt (Maadi) from 4400 to 3000 BC. In second section author analyzed changes in architecture and funeral customs characteristic for Archaic period (royal mastaba graves, smaller mastabas, staircase tomb with chambers, simple oval pit graves and their grave goods). In third and last section author analyzed further development of funeral architecture with burial customs during the Old Kingdom. They are systemized from simpler constructions like shaft burial tombs, stone mastaba tombs to the complex pyramid structures (stepped pyramids and pyramids with enclosures) characteristic from 3rd dynasty onwards. Paper contains two tables and several drawings and pictures

funeral customs; grave pit; grave goods; chamber; mastaba; staircase tomb; royal mastaba; enclosure; step pyramid; pyramid complex; Predynastic Egypt; Archaic Egypt; Old Kingdom; Badari; Maadi; Nagada; Abydos; Hierakonpolis; Saqqara; Meidum; Dahshur; Giza

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