engleski

Disorders of Cortical Development and Epilepsy

The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical. EEG and image tests features in patients with disorders of cortical development (DCD). We report on 8 DCD cases referred to our Neuropediatric Unit for neurological and epilepsy evaluation. Clinical data were collected by reviewing hospital records. Original CT/MR images were also reviewed and DCD was labelled for each patient, according to an existing system of classification. There were 8 patient aged 1-9 years at initial imaging, 5 female and 3 male. In 7/8 patients, the diagnosis of DCD was made by brain CT scan and confirmed by MRI. In 1/8 patient, DCD was diagnosed by MR 2 Tesla (two CT scans and MRI 0.2 Tesla were normal). Focal sub cortical heterotopia was found in 3/8 patients. Among them, 2/3 had normal neurological status and intellectual level ; 1/3 had hemiplegia and atrophy of the same side of the body and borderline intellectual functioning. Subependymal heterotopia and schizencephaly were found in 5/8 patients. Unilateral schizencephaly with fused lips was found in 3/5, and with cleft lips in 1/5 patient. Among them, 1/5 had normal neurological status and intellectual level, 3/5 had hemiplegia and atrophy of the same side of the body with normal intellectual level in 1 and borderline in 2 patients, and 1/5 had severe psychomotor retardation. Epilepsy was not present in 2/8 patients. Febrile seizures occurred in 3/8 patients between 8 and 18 months of age. Epilepsy. (partial, partial complex and partial complex with secondary generalization) occurred in 6/8 patients between 1.5 and 8 years of age. Among them, 4/6 patients had good epilepsy control, 2 with TPM and CBZ each. One patient was in remission for 6 years after VPA, and 1 had refractory epilepsy. DCD belongs to very significant causes of epilepsy in children, associated with neurological deficit, developmental delay and mental retardation. Different morphologic appearances of DCD do not result in distinct developmental of neurological manifestations. The clinical course is variable and unpredictable.

Epilepsy; Surgical treatment

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