engleski

Influences of precipitation and temperature trend on maize yields

Maize yield for three decade period of the last century (1961-1990) were in Hungary for 15% higher than in Croatia (means 3.81 and 4.39 t/ha, respectively) and this trend was continued in the 1996-2007 period. However, amplitude of maize yields (differences among year (for the 1996-2007) in Hungary were higher (from 3.60 to 7.56 t/ha) than in Croatia (from 3.86 to 6.92 t/ha). Aim of this study was testing maize yield, precipitation and air- temperature variations in four Counties (Croatia: Vukovar-Syrmium =VSC and Virovitica- Podravina =VPC ; Hungary: Békés = BC and Fejér =FC). Mean yield in VSC for 1996-2007 period was for 16% higher than in VPC. Yields in three less favorable years (LFY: 2000, 2003 and 2007) were considerably lower (means 5.22 and 4.41 t/ha, for VSC and VPC, respectively) than in three more favorable (MFY: 1997, 2002 and 2005) years (means 7.50 and 7.00, respectively). Precipitation (means of two sites: Osijek and Virovitica) in 3-months period June-August was in LFY for 58% lower than in MFY (129 mm and 305 mm, respectively). At the same time, air- temperatures were for 2.0 oC higher (22.7 and 20.7 oC, respectively). Mean yield in BC for 1996-2007 period was for 21% higher than in FC. Yields in three LSY were considerably lower (means 3.78 and 3.79 t/ha, for BC and FC, respectively) than in three MFY (means 6.13 and 7.30 t/ha, respectively). Precipitation (means of two sites: Békéscsaba and Székesfehérvár) in 3-months period June-August was in LFY for 51% lower (115 mm and 235 mm, respectively) and air-temperatures were for 1.9 oC higher (22.1 and 20.2 oC, respectively) than in MFY. Precipitation and temperature trends for LFY and MFY in two localities of both countries were similar with emphasis that in Hungary they were negligible lower.

maize ; precipitation ; temperature ; yield ; Croatia ; Hungary

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