hrvatski

Toxicity of indoor moulds in animal models

Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a term used for ill health symptoms commonly associated with staying in buildings with poor indoor air quality. Humidity indoors is a major factor related to symptoms of SBS. Water damaged building materials are often contaminated with fungi that produce detectable levels of mycotoxins, which may be aerosolized (material detritus, dust particles, most of them within respirable range), and/or fungal volatiles that both increase the indoor air pollution. Respiratory toxicity of the most frequent indoor moulds - under Slovak dwellings´ conditions (Aspergillus versicolor, A. ustus, Penicillium expansum, P. chrysogenum with extrolites´ profile characterized by TLC and LC/MS/MS) and top risky Stachybotrys chartarum – from public health point of view - was studied in vitro by a bioassay on chick tracheal cultures and by analyses of histological and biochemical alterations of rat organs (lungs) or cell cultures (lung cells type II, Clara cells), and in vivo after the intratracheal instillation in wistar male rats (ca. 200 g) in 3-days experiments. Pure solvent (2 % dimethylsulphoxide – negative control) and standards of mycotoxins potentially produced by the fungi tested (sterigmatocystin for A. versicolor and A. ustus, patulin for P. expansum, ochratoxin for P. chrysogenum, trichothecene diacetoxyscirpenol for S. chartarum as there are no commercially available stachybotrytoxins yet ; 20 or 4  g/ml ) were used. Hematological parameters (leukocyte, erythrocyte and tromobocyte cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit), cytotoxic (phagocytic activity and viability of alveolar macrophages - AM, the lactate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase acitivities, DNA damage of type II cells) and inflammatory response biomarkers (broncholaveolar lavage fluid – BALF cell counts, number of AM, granulocyte and AM differentials in BALF cell counts) were measured in blood or the BALF. All fungal metabolites tested showed certain toxic effects that were concentration and cell origin of the toxicant (exo- or endometabolite) dependent. Generally, exometabolites (produced by fungi into their growth medium) were able to damage upper and lower airways and ause hematological disorders in rats in vitro, or in vivo respectively, much stronger. Lasting/repeated exposure to the indoor moulds and their metabolites may contribute to severe, even irreversible, health mutations in occupants of affected buildings, esp. young children.

Sick building syndrome; Stachybotrys chartarum; Aspergillus veriscolor

nije evidentirano

engleski

Toxicity of indoor moulds in animal models

Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a term used for ill health symptoms commonly associated with staying in buildings with poor indoor air quality. Humidity indoors is a major factor related to symptoms of SBS. Water damaged building materials are often contaminated with fungi that produce detectable levels of mycotoxins, which may be aerosolized (material detritus, dust particles, most of them within respirable range), and/or fungal volatiles that both increase the indoor air pollution. Respiratory toxicity of the most frequent indoor moulds - under Slovak dwellings´ conditions (Aspergillus versicolor, A. ustus, Penicillium expansum, P. chrysogenum with extrolites´ profile characterized by TLC and LC/MS/MS) and top risky Stachybotrys chartarum – from public health point of view - was studied in vitro by a bioassay on chick tracheal cultures and by analyses of histological and biochemical alterations of rat organs (lungs) or cell cultures (lung cells type II, Clara cells), and in vivo after the intratracheal instillation in wistar male rats (ca. 200 g) in 3-days experiments. Pure solvent (2 % dimethylsulphoxide – negative control) and standards of mycotoxins potentially produced by the fungi tested (sterigmatocystin for A. versicolor and A. ustus, patulin for P. expansum, ochratoxin for P. chrysogenum, trichothecene diacetoxyscirpenol for S. chartarum as there are no commercially available stachybotrytoxins yet ; 20 or 4  g/ml ) were used. Hematological parameters (leukocyte, erythrocyte and tromobocyte cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit), cytotoxic (phagocytic activity and viability of alveolar macrophages - AM, the lactate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase acitivities, DNA damage of type II cells) and inflammatory response biomarkers (broncholaveolar lavage fluid – BALF cell counts, number of AM, granulocyte and AM differentials in BALF cell counts) were measured in blood or the BALF. All fungal metabolites tested showed certain toxic effects that were concentration and cell origin of the toxicant (exo- or endometabolite) dependent. Generally, exometabolites (produced by fungi into their growth medium) were able to damage upper and lower airways and ause hematological disorders in rats in vitro, or in vivo respectively, much stronger. Lasting/repeated exposure to the indoor moulds and their metabolites may contribute to severe, even irreversible, health mutations in occupants of affected buildings, esp. young children.

Sick building syndrome; Stachybotrys chartarum; Aspergillus veriscolor

nije evidentirano