hrvatski

Akcenatske razlike između hrvatskoga i srpskoga standardnog jezika

Karadžić-Daničićev naglasni sustav uzrokovao je naglasnonormativna previranja u XX. st. ne samo u hrvatskome standardnom jeziku nego i u srpskome standardu. Cilj je rada bio utvrditi opseg i posljedice prijepora i na jednoj i na drugoj strani, i to na primjeru jednoga dijela naglasnomorfološke norme  naglasne tipologije imenica, u pisanim izvorima. Sličnosti dvaju sustava uočavaju se na polju pojednostavnjivanja paradigmi, posebice analogijom, no nepotpuna i gotovo nemoguća autonomnost standarda, bilo na vertikalnoj bilo na horizontalnoj razini, na obje je strane dovela je do toga da Karadžić-Daničićev sustav (pa tako i tipologija) nije u svemu saživio i uporabno se oprimjerio. Promjene tona, trajanja i mjesta naglaska u paradigmi te (ne)stalnost zanaglasnih dužina ponegdje pokazuju različite odraze u dvama standardnim jezicima te svjedoče o samosvojnome razvoju standardnih jezika. U svemu se nametnula i činjenica da normativni priručnici istraženih jezika još uvijek stoje u divergentnome odnosu prema uzusu. Priručnici hrvatskoga jezika otišli su korak dalje (posebice stilski raslojavajući dubletnosti i tripletnosti), no još uvijek nedovoljno da bismo naglasnu normu definirali stabilnom. Prednost suvremenih priručnika hrvatskoga jezika najviše se ogleda u modernoj naglasnoj tipologiji koja izuzimlje morfološka obilježja, a razdiobu temelji samo na prozodijskim sastojcima (mjestu, tonu i trajanju). *** The Karadzic-Danicic accentual system has caused normative accentual turmoil in the 20th century not only in the Croatian standard language but in the Serbian standard as well. The goal of this work was to determine the extent and the consequences of this disorder on both sides using a part of the accentual-morphological norm as an example  accentual typology of nouns in the written sources. The similarity between the two systems can be seen in the field of the paradigm simplification, especially by using analogy. However, incomplete and virtually impossible autonomy of the standards, whether on the vertical or horizontal level, has resulted in the lack of complete practical implementation of the Karadzic-Danicic system (as well as typology). The changes of tone, duration, and position of the accent in the example as well as (in)stability of post-accentual length sometimes show different reflections in the two standard languages and, therefore, testify to the autonomous development of the standard languages. In addition to this there is the fact that the normative handbooks of the explored languages are still divergent from the usage. The handbooks of the Croatian language have moved even further than that (particularly by stylistically stratifying doublets and triplets), however still insufficiently to define the accentual norm as a stable one. The advantage of Croatian modern normative books of the Croatian language can especially be seen in the modern accentual typology, which circumvents the morphological characteristics and bases the division on the prosodic components only (position, tone, and duration).

naglasak, naglasna tipologija, hrvatski standardni jezik, srpski standardni jezik

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