engleski

Breeding wheat for organic cropping system

Considering a plant ideotype the breeding objectives for organic and conventional production can overlap and in the early generations breeding can be done simultaneously coupled with different selection environments in the later generations. Beside desired plant ideotype free acces to genetically divergent pool is the prerequisition for combining desired parent characteristic. Ideotype building for organic grown wheat started in the 1990’s. Besides high tilering and stress tolerance our breeding goals were premium grain quality along with disease and insect resistance. Of course grain yield was considered in all cases. Hand crossing and the pedigree method of selection were applied. Cv. Divana - the first Croatian premium grain quality wheat suitable for organic cropping system was registered in 1995. High quality characteristics (17% protein) were inherited from the Nebraska wheat line NE7060 79Y335. The next step was introducing resistance to prevalent disease - powdery mildew, from Romania, New Zealand and Kansas germplasm. A set of completely resistant lines (source KS92WGRC21 and KS92WGRC22.) are currently tested. The last step was introduction resistance to leaf beetle (Oulema melanopus) from GoldCorn wheat and it is still in progress. It should be in mind that some of the listed ideotype characteristics are negatively corelated. It means that the improvement in both corelated characters, for instance high yield and high quality, is slow and it will take time to have good results. The approach and achieved results are discussed.

wheat; breeding; ideotype for organic cropping

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