engleski

X-ray powder diffraction vs Vibrational spectroscopy in mineral identification

Various techniques for mineral detection, identification, discrimination and characterization have been developed during the last few decades. Very frequently used among them are X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman vibrational spectroscopy. All these techniques have their own advantages and imperfections and therefore it is strongly recommendable to use them complementary rather than competitive. Sometimes, however, it is necessary to use only one of the above mentioned (or other non-mentioned) techniques. Here will be comparatively presented some of the advantages and imperfections in the cases when the powder XRPD, FTIR or Raman vibrational spectroscopy are used as a separated techniques in the process of the mineral detection, identification, discrimi&not ; nation and characterization. The studied mineral samples are collected from various localities in the Republic of Macedonia. Studied are the following minerals: almandine, Fe_3Al_2(SiO_4)_3 ; spessartine, Mn_3Al_2(SiO_4)_3 ; zircon, ZrSiO_4 ; kyanite, Al_2OSiO_4 ; rutile, TiO_2 ; hematite, Fe_2O_3 ; limonite, FeO(OH) ; goethite, alpha-FeO(OH) ; Fe-johannsenite, Ca(Fe, Mn)Si_2O_6 ; rhodonite (Mn, Ca)MnSi_2O_6 ; olivine, (Mg, Fe)_2SiO_4 ; forsterite, Mg_2SiO_4 ; fayalite, Fe_2SiO_4 ; beryl, Be_3Al_2Si_6O_18 ; phlogopite, KMg_3(Si_3Al)O_10(F, OH)_2 and clinochlore (sheridanite), (MgFe)_5Al(Si_3Al)O_10(OH)_8. References: 1. P. Makreski, G. Jovanovski, B. Kaitner, T. Stafilov, B. Boev, D. Cibrev, N. Jb. Miner. Abh., 180 (2004) 215– 243. 2. G. Jovanovski, P. Makreski, B. Šoptrajanov, B. Kaitner, B. Boev, Contributions, Sec. Math. Tech. Sci., MANU, 26 (2005) 7– 84. 3. P. Makreski, G. Jovanovski, S. Stojančeska, J. Mol. Struct., 744– 747 (2005) 79– 92. 4. P. Makreski, G. Jovanovski, A. Gajović, T. Biljan, D. Angelovski, R. Jaćimović, J. Mol. Struct., 788 (2006) 102– 114. 5. V. Šontevska, G. Jovanovski, P. Makreski, A. Raškovska, B. Šoptrajanov, Acta Chim. Slov. 55 (2008) 757– 766. 6. P. Makreski, G. Jovanovski, J. Raman Spectrosc. 39 (2008) 1210– 1213. 7. G. Jovanovski, P. Makreski, B. Kaitner, B. Boev, Croat. Chem. Acta (in press, 2009). 8. P. Makreski, G. Jovanovski, Spectrochim. Acta Part A: Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. (in press, 2009).

silicate minerals; hematite; limonite; goethite; XRPD; FTIR; Raman

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