engleski

Hedge Mustard (Sisymbrium officinale): Chemical Diversity of Volatiles and their Antimicrobial Activity

Volatile compounds of hedge mustard (Sysimbrium officinale) have been investigated for the first time. Forthy-two compounds were identified after hydrodistillation (without or upon autolysis) and gas chromatography/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. In addition after decoction and hydrolysis of O– glycosides eighteen volatile O-aglycones were identified. In general, the main volatiles found in hydrodistillates were: isopropyl isothiocyanate (27.6 – 48.9%), 2-methylpropanonitrile (0.5 – 18.8%), (Z)-3-hexenol (0.5 – 18.0%), sec-butyl isothiocyanate (4.9 – 9.4%), (E)-2-hexenal (3.5– 8.6%), (Z)-2-hexenol (0.3 – 8.4%), octanoic (0.5 – 8.6%) and dodecanoic acid (0 – 5.0%), 2-methylbutanonitrile (0 - 4.6%), dibutylphtalate (0 – 4.5%) and ethyl linolenate (0- 3.6%). The main volatile O-aglycones were: 2-phenylethyl alcohol (21.5%), 6, 7-dehydro-7, 8-dihydro-3-oxo-α -ionol (9.3%), eugenol (8.3%), benzyl alcohol (7.0%), ethyl vanillate (5.2%), 6-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol (5.1%), vanillin acetone (4.7%), ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (4.3%), 2-hydroxy-β -ionone (3.8%). All hydrodistillates exhibited great potential of antibacterial activity against five Gram-positive bacteria, nine ampicillin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and four fungi at concentration of 500 µ ; ; g/ml using disc diffusion method.

Sysimbrium officinale; hedge mustard; Brassicaceae; glucosinolates; O-glycosides; antimicrobial activity.

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