hrvatski

Geološke i hidrogeološke značajke šireg područja lokaliteta Crno vrilo

Eastern Adriatic coast is part of Dinaric karst, the remnant of former Adriatic carbonate platform that existed from Lower Jurassic until the end of Cretaceous. Complete Mesozoic to Palaeogene carbonate sedimentation left the sequence of more than 8, 000 m thick deposits. Numerous emersions caused by epirogenetic movements and eustatic changes enabled karstification processes within tectonically disturbed bedrock up to the former low sea-level stands. During the Late Pleistocene – Holocene transgression, the sea flooded karstified area and transformed Adriatic shoreline into one of the most indented coasts in the world characterized by parallel islands, shoreline and geological and geomorphological structures, known as Dalmatian type coast. Archaeological site Crno Vrilo is located in the western part of gently undulated area of Ravni Kotari that belongs to Ravni Kotari tectonic unit marked with series of synclines and anticlines of Dinaric strike (NW SE). Hydrogeological settings of this area are predetermined by dominant lithostratigraphic units: karstified Upper Cretaceous rudist limestones and Lower-Middle Eocene foraminifera limestones are permeable and, accordingly, enable infiltration of precipitations and subsurface accumulation, while partly impermeable Upper Cretaceous limestone in alteration with dolomite and Middle-Upper Eocene flysch deposits (sandstone, marl and conglomerate) present the hydrogeological barriers that predispose general groundwater flow towards NW, parallel to the structures. Some deviations of general flow pattern occur along the perpendicular faults. Common surface appearance of groundwater in this structural fabric is on the contact of karstified limestones and impermeable flysch deposits, and one of such is Crno Vrilo spring. Neolithic settlement i.e. archaeological site is located on foraminifera limestones partly covered by relatively thin quaternary deposits. Gentle dip of the terrain with good drainage, adjacent agriculturally valuable flysch zone and vicinity of the sea offered quite good opportunity for the early settling. Moreover, climatic conditions from 7, 500 to 5, 200 yrs BP known as the Holocene climatic optimum, with 2-4 °C higher average temperatures, along with favourable geological and hydrogeological settings, made this locality reasonably appropriate for Neolithic community settling.

geologija, hidrogeologija, Crno vrilo

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