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Đon močvar (Central Croatia)-Centre of peat bog vegetation and Sphagnum diversity in Croatia

Botanical reserve Đon močvar is situated in Central Croatia at 130 m a.s. and phytogeographically belongs to the zone of illyrian sessile oak-hornbeam forests 8Epimedio- Carpinetum betuli9. It has preboreal orogin and with its area of 10 ha represents one of two biggest peat bogs in Croatia. It was poorly investigated since its first description in 1925. This area represents a mosaic of different vegetation types-from fens (ass. Caricetum lasiocarpae), transitional peat bog vegetation (Drosero-Caricetum stellualatae) and some elements of raised bog communities (Sph. capillifolium- Polytrichum longisetum), to the well preserved association Rhynchosporetum labae, which was thought to be extinct in Croatia. With eight species of Sphagnum it represents the centre of diversity of this group in Croatia. Each of peat moss species occupies specific microhabitats characterised by different water and soil conditions. Sphagnum palustre and Sph. capillifolium (incl. Sph. rubellum) are tussocks forming and here the most abundant peat mosses. In this tussocks Sph. magellanicum- the rerest species of this bog can be found. Shaded habitats between open bog area and wood of as. Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae are overgrown by Sph. fallax. While Sph. subsecundum and Sph. contortum prefer open margins of bog pools, Sph. denticulatum and Sph. cuspidatum grow submerse and /or emerse. Vascular flora is represented by 67 species among which many rare and 18 Red listed (e.g. Drosera rotundifolia, Carex echinata, Betula pubescens, Rhynchospora alba, Eriophorum angustifolium, Menyanthes trifoliata). The main threat to bog vegetation is process of succession by Molinia coerulea-arundinacea, Betla pendula and Frangula alnus caused by abandonment of traditional land use (mowing and pasture).

Đon močvar; peat bog; vegetation; flora; Sphagnum; Croatia

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