engleski

Aqueous photodegradation and toxicity of anthelmintic pyrantel embonate

As the veterinary pharmaceuticals are introduced into the environment – directly by agriculture or aquaculture treatments or indirectly, excreted through urine or feces of treated animals – parent compounds and their metabolites are exposed to variety of surrounding conditions which can cause their degradation. Photodegradation by sunlight is considered as one of the most important processes responsible for the degradation of such compounds and is usually complex with more than one reaction often leading to multiple products and possible increase of toxic effect to organisms in environment. Therefore the identification of degradation products and the elucidation of photolytic reaction pathways in environment are of great importance. One possible way of determination of the acurate mass and empirical formula is using orthogonal acceleration time-of- flight (oaTOF) analyzers [1, 2]. The QqToF allows to propose elemental compositions based on accurate measurements of the precursor ion and product ion masses of the photodegradation products. In the present work, the photodegradation of the tetrahydropyrimidine anhelmintic drug pyrantel embonate, was studied in HPLC-grade water and in artificial freshwater. Environmental conditions were simulated by the solar simulator that generated an emission wavelength spectrum similar to natural sunlight. For the structural identification of the formed products a quadrupole-time of flight (QqTOF) mass spectrometer was used providing an accurate mass of the molecular ion and the fragment ions and the MS2 fragmentation. Acute ecotoxic effects of the many pharmaceuticals are unlikely, but the concerns over the long-term and low-level exposure and followed chronic effects that are raised by more researchers each day are approvable [3]. As for the lack of the information about pyrantel embonate environmental toxic impacts, acute and chronic tests of parent compound and its photodegradation products on Vibrio fischeri, Selenastrum capricornutum and Daphnia magna were performed.

pyrantel embonate; photodegradation products; ecotoxicity

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