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Adsorption Isotherms of Ionic Surfactants on Textile Fibres

Surfactants as organic compounds are widely used in the processes of textile finishing and care with regard to different variations and specific hydrophylic/hydrophobic nature. One of the significant surfactant phenomena is to build an aggregates of colloidal dimensions named micelles. The spontaneous formation of micelles is clearly evident from the changes of physico chemical properties of surfactant solution, mostly characterized by narrow concentration range, known as critical micelle concentration (CMC). The paper deals with adsorption isotherms of ionic surfactants on textile fibres. Adsorption isotherms of ionic surfactant were studied in variation of hydrophylic and hydrophobic part and concentration range: below, near and above of CMC. Textile fibres were characterized through electrokinetic potential, sorption characteristics and swelling capacity expressed by moisture regain and water retention value (WRV). Different types of cationic and anionic surfactants were adsorbed on the cotton, wool, polyester and polypropylene fibres at 20°C during 60 minutes. The results obtained indicate that the key parameters in adsorption process are concentration and composition of the surfactants, as well as the swelling capacity of textile fibres.

adsorption; surfactants; isotherms; micelles; fibres

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